CT-UT Exam Dumps, CT-UT Practice Test Questions
PDF (New 2026) Actual ISTQB CT-UT Exam Questions
ISTQB CT-UT Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 18
Your project manager asked you for your advice. A recent project failed because the users were not satisfied with the final product, although your project manager claimed that she followed the human-centered design process. She interviewed users at the start of the project, created a first prototype and evaluated that prototype.
Which part of the human-centered design process did she miss?
- A. The "analyze"-part
- B. The "evaluate"-part
- C. The "iterate"-part
- D. The "design"-part
Answer: C
Explanation:
The human-centered design process emphasizes iterative development-testing and refining designs through multiple cycles. In the scenario, the project manager interviewed users and evaluated a prototype but did not iterate based on feedback. Skipping iteration likely resulted in unmet user needs. Human-centered design, per ISO 9241-210, includes: understanding context of use, specifying requirements, producing design solutions, and evaluating-repeated iteratively. Hence, option D ("iterate") is correct.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design Processes
Usability.gov: Human-Centered Design Activities
Nielsen Norman Group: Iterative Design in UX
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NEW QUESTION # 19
What is good accessibility?
- A. Good usability of a software product on all devices (smart phone, computer, etc.)
- B. Good usability regardless of disturbances like bright sunlight, noise or wind
- C. Good usability of a software product by people with limited vision, hearing, dexterity, cognition or physical mobility
- D. Good usability of a software product by people with limited knowledge of the software
Answer: C
Explanation:
Accessibility refers to designing products so that people with disabilities or limitations (permanent or temporary) can use them effectively. According to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and ISO standards, accessibility focuses on ensuring that users with vision, hearing, cognitive, or mobility impairments can access digital interfaces. Option D captures this intent accurately. The other options relate to general usability or responsiveness (e.g., device adaptability or user experience in noisy environments) but do not address the inclusive nature of accessibility as defined by official guidelines.
References:
WCAG 2.1 Guidelines - W3C
ISO 9241-171:2008 - Guidance on software accessibility
Usability.gov: Accessibility Basics
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NEW QUESTION # 20
What is the System Usability Scale (SUS)?
- A. A simple, ten-item attitude scale giving a global view of subjective assessments of usability.
- B. A usability test execution activity specified by the moderator that needs to be accomplished by a usability test participant within a given period of time.
- C. Testing to evaluate the degree to which the system can be used by specified users with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use.
- D. A requirement on the usability of a component of system
Answer: A
Explanation:
The System Usability Scale (SUS) is a standardized, reliable tool used to measure perceived usability. It consists of 10 items with five response options (from strongly agree to strongly disagree). It is widely used due to its simplicity and effectiveness in providing a single score to reflect a user's overall satisfaction with a system. Option A refers to ISO's definition of usability testing, B describes a task in usability testing, and D refers to a usability requirement, not SUS. Therefore, the correct description of SUS is option C.
References:
Brooke, J. (1996). SUS: A Quick and Dirty Usability Scale.
Usability.gov: System Usability Scale (SUS)
ISO/IEC 25062 - Common Industry Format for Usability Test Reports
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NEW QUESTION # 21
Why are positive usability findings of high importance? Which of the following statements is wrong?
- A. Positive usability findings should be used to communicate to the development team which features should not be modified or deleted.
- B. Positive usability findings allow a better view of the usability of the product.
- C. Positive usability findings make it easier to sell the need for correcting usability problems by giving a balanced view.
- D. Positive findings are of high importance because they can be used in the report to justify the costs of the test.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Positive usability findings play a key role in reinforcing what is working well in the user interface. They help:
A: Build developer confidence and soften criticism when pointing out issues.
C: Provide a complete picture of usability strengths and weaknesses.
D: Inform developers what should remain unchanged during redesign.
However, B is incorrect because justifying usability test costs should not rely solely on positive findings. Cost justification should come from the overall impact of usability on user satisfaction, performance, and business outcomes-not just good results.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Communicating Usability Findings
Usability.gov: Best Practices for Usability Reporting
ISO 25062 - Usability Test Report Content
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NEW QUESTION # 22
What does the Equality Act address?
- A. It protects people from discrimination in the workplace and in wider society
- B. It states that websites have to adhere to the WCAG conformity level A
- C. It obligates organizations to make sites accessible at all costs
- D. It states that websites have to adhere to the WCAG conformity level AA
Answer: A
Explanation:
The Equality Act 2010 (UK) is legislation designed to protect individuals from discrimination in various areas, including employment and access to goods and services-this includes digital products like websites.
While it does not directly mandate WCAG compliance levels (A or AA), it implies that digital services must be accessible to users with disabilities. Organizations are required to make "reasonable adjustments" to avoid discrimination. Therefore, the most accurate and comprehensive answer is B.
References:
UK Equality Act 2010 - Legislation.gov.uk
GOV.UK: Accessibility Requirements for Public Sector Bodies
NEW QUESTION # 23
You're asked to evaluate the direct interaction between ordinary users and the software product. Which kinds of evaluations would be suited for that?
- A. Usability evaluation
- B. Accessibility evaluation
- C. Usability maturity assessment
- D. Risk assessment
Answer: A
Explanation:
A usability evaluation is specifically designed to assess how real users interact with a software product. It focuses on effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction in completing tasks. This may involve usability testing, expert reviews, or heuristic evaluations. The goal is to identify any usability problems and understand user behavior during real use.
Option A (Accessibility evaluation) targets inclusivity for users with disabilities, not general user interaction.
Option B (Usability maturity assessment) evaluates the organization's usability practices, and Option C (Risk assessment) evaluates potential project or system risks. Only option D directly involves observing and measuring user interaction.
References:
ISO 9241-11:2018 - Usability Definitions and Concepts
Usability.gov: Usability Evaluation Basics
Nielsen Norman Group: Types of Usability Evaluations
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NEW QUESTION # 24
The usability team has written a usability test report. The report has the following structure:
Executive summary (1 page)
Table of contents (1 page)
Findings and recommendations (5 pages)
Objectives (2 pages)
Purpose (2 pages)
Contacts (1 page)
Which best practice does this usability test report violate?
- A. The report makes use of usability jargon
- B. The report is too long
- C. The report misses positive findings
- D. The report misses a description of the evaluation method
Answer: D
Explanation:
A best practice in usability reporting (based on ISO/IEC 25062:2006 - Common Industry Format for usability test reports) is to include a clear description of the evaluation method used. This includes how the test was designed, how participants were selected, what tasks were performed, and under what conditions the test was conducted. This ensures the results are credible and reproducible. The provided structure omits this essential information. While the report length is not excessive and positive findings may or may not be present, the key missing component is the method description.
References:
ISO/IEC 25062:2006 - Common Industry Format for Usability Test Reports
Nielsen Norman Group: How to Write Usability Reports
Usability.gov: Reporting Usability Test Results
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NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following is a key activity in a usability test session?
- A. Test the set up and modify the test script if needed
- B. Moderate the usability test
- C. Talk to the participant during the completion of a task
- D. Extract usability findings and recommendations
Answer: B
Explanation:
Moderating the usability test is a core activity during the actual usability test session. The moderator guides participants through tasks, ensures the session stays on track, and avoids introducing bias. Option A (testing the setup) happens before the session, during preparation. Option C (extracting findings) occurs during analysis, after the test. Option D (talking during task execution) should be minimized unless necessary, to avoid influencing user behavior. Therefore, option B is the only correct answer aligned with best practices in usability testing.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Role of the Usability Test Moderator
ISO 25062:2006 - Usability Test Documentation
Usability.gov: Conducting a Usability Test
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NEW QUESTION # 26
A company distributes its products over a web shop where users can put items in their shopping cart. After they click on "checkout", the checkout process starts and users cannot go back anymore to correct possible mistakes. The only way is to hit the "back" button of the browser, which might lead to an expired session and therefore losing all items in the shopping cart.
Which of the following heuristics would best describe this usability issue?
- A. Aesthetic and minimalist design
- B. Visibility of system status
- C. Help and documentation
- D. User control and freedom
Answer: D
Explanation:
The described issue violates the usability heuristic "User control and freedom," as defined by Jakob Nielsen.
This principle emphasizes that users should have the ability to undo and redo actions and navigate freely without being trapped in irreversible sequences. In the scenario, users are forced into the checkout process without a clear way to return or correct mistakes, except through the unreliable and disruptive back button.
This design flaw undermines user autonomy and can result in lost progress or frustration.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design ISO 9241-110:2020 - Interaction Principles
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NEW QUESTION # 27
Which of the following is the correct distinction between formative and summative usability evaluation?
- A. Summative evaluations focus on improvement, formative evaluations assess the outcome
- B. Summative evaluations mostly rely on user tests, formative evaluations require experts
- C. Summative evaluations assess the outcome, formative evaluations focus on improvement
- D. Summative evaluations mostly rely on experts, formative evaluations require users
Answer: C
Explanation:
Formative usability evaluation is conducted during the development process to identify usability problems and improve the product iteratively. It is diagnostic and improvement-focused. Summative evaluation, on the other hand, is done after development to assess the final product's usability, measuring how well it meets defined usability goals. Therefore, the correct distinction is that formative evaluation focuses on improvement, and summative evaluation assesses the outcome. This distinction aligns with widely accepted models such as those defined by ISO 9241-210 and usability.gov.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design for Interactive Systems
Usability.gov: Usability Evaluation Basics
Nielsen Norman Group: Formative vs Summative Usability Testing
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NEW QUESTION # 28
You're redesigning the web shop of a customer and found out that they are using legacy web design techniques like HTML tables for design matters, making the website hard to be operated using alternative input and output devices (e.g. screen readers).
Which kind of risk is most likely to occur?
- A. Usability risk
- B. There's no risk predictable
- C. User experience risk
- D. Accessibility risk
Answer: D
Explanation:
The use of HTML tables for layout instead of proper semantic HTML and responsive design violates accessibility guidelines, particularly those defined in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).
Such a design makes it difficult or impossible for users relying on screen readers, keyboard navigation, or other assistive technologies to interact effectively with the site. Therefore, this creates a significant accessibility risk, which is distinct from general usability or user experience risks. Accessibility ensures inclusion of users with physical or cognitive impairments, making option B the correct choice.
References:
* W3C: Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1
* ISO 9241-171:2008 - Software Accessibility
* Usability.gov: Accessibility Guidelines
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NEW QUESTION # 29
In the last project, the usability tests substantially exceeded the budget of the test plan. Which quality control task could have been used to avoid this?
- A. Check that findings are communicated to the stakeholders
- B. Check that the usability test plan has been properly reviewed
- C. Check whether the usability test report conforms to the best practices
- D. Check consumed resources regularly and compare with the estimates
Answer: D
Explanation:
To prevent usability testing from exceeding budget, active monitoring and control of project resources are critical. The best practice is to regularly check consumed time, costs, and effort against the original estimates, allowing timely adjustments to scope or resources. This is a classic quality control practice aligned with ISO
9001 principles and standard project management methodologies. Option A relates to test preparation, option C concerns reporting and communication, and option D applies after test execution. Only option B deals directly with budget control during the test.
References:
* ISO 9001:2015 - Quality Management Systems
* ISTQB: Usability Testing Guidelines
* Nielsen Norman Group: Budgeting for Usability Testing
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NEW QUESTION # 30
Which of the following statements about usability test plans is true?
- A. It contains the results of the test sessions
- B. It contains a schedule
- C. It should be very elaborate and at least 10 pages
- D. It should contain the briefing instructions
Answer: B
Explanation:
A usability test plan is a foundational document created before conducting usability testing. It outlines the objectives, scope, methodology, participants, tasks, and schedule for the testing activities. One of its essential components is the schedule, which details when and how test sessions will occur to ensure proper resource allocation and time management. Including a schedule helps coordinate between test moderators, participants, observers, and stakeholders, making the testing process organized and efficient.
While briefing instructions (Option B) may be related to the usability test, they are typically documented separately or included in participant materials rather than the formal test plan itself. The test plan should be concise and focused; it need not be overly elaborate or lengthy (Option C), as clarity and usability of the plan are more important than length. The results of the test sessions (Option D) are not included in the test plan but rather compiled afterward in a test report or analysis document.
Therefore, the correct statement is that the usability test plan contains a schedule, ensuring a structured timeline for the usability testing activities.
References:
Usability.gov, Usability Testing Plan Template
Nielsen Norman Group, Usability Test Planning
ISO 9241-210:2019 Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Usability testing process
NEW QUESTION # 31
Usability reviews aim to identify potential usability problems based on certain criteria. Which of the following is a reasonable criterion for a usability review?
- A. Statutory Code of Practice
- B. Opinion of the management
- C. Functional requirements
- D. Usability standards
Answer: D
Explanation:
Usability reviews evaluate a system or interface against established usability principles or standards to identify potential issues before user testing. A recognized criterion for such reviews includes adherence to usability standards such as ISO 9241 or the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). These standards are derived from years of research and user-centered design principles. Options A and C do not directly relate to usability. Functional requirements (option B) refer to what the system should do, not how usable it is.
Hence, option D is correct as usability standards provide a consistent, objective basis for evaluating usability.
References:
ISO 9241-110:2020 - Interaction Principles
WCAG 2.1 - Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
Nielsen Norman Group - Heuristic Evaluation
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NEW QUESTION # 32
Which of the following statements best describe Rapid Iterative Testing and Evaluation?
- A. Testing focuses on instant redesigns and confirming made changes
- B. Testing happens on a regular basis, e.g. each Monday
- C. Testing is informal and many potential users can be accessed
- D. Testing is quantitative
Answer: A
Explanation:
Rapid Iterative Testing and Evaluation (RITE) is a usability method in which usability issues are identified and addressed in short cycles. Unlike traditional usability testing, RITE allows for immediate redesigns and retesting of the improved version within the same study. The goal is to refine the design quickly based on observed usability issues. Option A confuses scheduling with methodology, B is too vague, and D inaccurately characterizes RITE as quantitative, while it is typically qualitative. Therefore, C accurately reflects the purpose and approach of RITE.
References:
* Medlock et al. (2002). The RITE Method: A Rapid Iterative Testing and Evaluation Method
* Nielsen Norman Group: Rapid Iterative Testing
* Usability.gov: RITE Method Overview
NEW QUESTION # 33
A large customer complained that a business application developed by your company sometimes transfers the wrong amount of money to clients, although there are no complaints of the actual users. The expected amount differs from the actually transferred amount by a factor of 10 or 100. After analyzing the log files, you found out that the application itself works fine. The problem seems to be caused by confusing text fields and labels for the decimal place, leading to user errors.
Which usability risk should be reasonably addressed for the next release?
- A. Increased liability through risk to financial loss caused by a poorly designed or deceptive user interface
- B. Users won't buy or use the software product because it lacks effectiveness, efficiency or satisfaction
- C. Users resist using a software product which is essential for their daily work because it lacks usability
- D. Users buy the software product but repeatedly need to call support because they don't understand how to use it
Answer: A
Explanation:
The scenario describes a situation where the interface misleads users into making serious financial mistakes due to poor design, such as confusing decimal separators. Even though the system functions correctly, it facilitates critical user errors. This constitutes a major usability risk with potential legal and financial consequences. Therefore, the correct risk to address is increased liability due to financial loss caused by a poorly designed or deceptive interface (option D). The other options focus on usability-related dissatisfaction, resistance, or lack of adoption, which are not the key concern in this scenario.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Risk Management in Usability Engineering
Nielsen Norman Group: Error Prevention in UI Design
IEEE 1028: Standard for Software Reviews and Risk-Based Usability
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NEW QUESTION # 34
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Updated Mar-2026 Pass CT-UT Exam - Real Practice Test Questions: https://vcepractice.pass4guide.com/CT-UT-dumps-questions.html